LOTO guide: Lockout / Tagout for industrial work
Lockout / Tagout (LOTO) is intended to prevent unexpected energization or hazardous-energy release during servicing and maintenance. A stopped machine is not necessarily safe: electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal, gravitational and stored energy may remain.
Key takeaway
Effective LOTO is more than applying a padlock. Teams must identify every energy source, isolate it, control stored energy, lock or tag the isolation, verify a zero-energy state and manage controlled return to service.
Control points
Identify the equipment and every associated energy source.
Notify affected people and follow the site energy-control procedure.
Shut down the equipment and isolate each energy source.
Release, restrain or otherwise control stored energy.
Apply LOTO devices according to authorized roles.
Verify zero energy before work begins.
Control removal of LOTO and return to service.
Common mistakes
Frequently asked questions
Is LOTO the same as energy isolation?
The terms overlap, but exact practices and responsibilities depend on jurisdiction, employer and site procedure. The applicable local energy-control procedure governs the work.
Is online training enough to become an authorized LOTO employee?
No. Theory training builds knowledge, but authorization depends on the employer and may require machine-specific and hands-on training.
How does OSHA 1910.147 relate to LOTO?
In the United States, OSHA 29 CFR 1910.147 addresses control of hazardous energy during servicing and maintenance in general industry.